New Zealand

Listening, Reading, and Viewing

• Processes and strategies

  • Integrate sources of information, processes, and strategies purposefully, confidently, and precisely to identify, form, and express increasingly sophisticated ideas.

    • selects and reads texts for enjoyment and personal fulfilment;

    • recognises, understands, and appreciates the connections between oral, written, and visual language;

      • Use the correct homophone (11-Q.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with homophones (11-Q.2)
      • Misplaced modifiers with pictures (11-FF.1)
      • Use the correct homophone (12-O.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with homophones (12-O.2)
      • Misplaced modifiers with pictures (12-AA.1)
      • Use the correct homophone (13-O.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with homophones (13-O.2)
      • Misplaced modifiers with pictures (13-AA.1)

    • integrates sources of information and prior knowledge purposefully, confidently, and precisely to make sense of increasingly varied and complex texts;

      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (11-C.2)
      • Recall the source of an allusion (11-C.3)
      • Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots (11-P.1)
      • Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words (11-P.2)
      • Use words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (11-P.3)
      • Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (11-P.4)
      • Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots (11-P.5)
      • Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words (11-R.1)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (11-R.2)
      • Use the correct foreign expression (11-R.3)
      • Replace words using a thesaurus (11-S.3)
      • Use context to identify the meaning of a word (11-U.3)
      • Use dictionary entries (11-V.1)
      • Use dictionary definitions (11-V.2)
      • Use dictionary entries to determine correct usage (11-V.3)
      • Use thesaurus entries (11-V.4)
      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (12-C.2)
      • Recall the source of an allusion (12-C.3)
      • Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots (12-N.1)
      • Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words (12-N.2)
      • Use words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (12-N.3)
      • Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (12-N.4)
      • Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots (12-N.5)
      • Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words (12-P.1)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (12-P.2)
      • Use the correct foreign expression (12-P.3)
      • Replace words using a thesaurus (12-Q.4)
      • Use dictionary entries to determine correct usage (12-Q.5)
      • Domain-specific vocabulary in context: science and technical subjects (12-S.4)
      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (13-C.2)
      • Recall the source of an allusion (13-C.3)
      • Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots (13-N.1)
      • Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words (13-N.2)
      • Use words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (13-N.3)
      • Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (13-N.4)
      • Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots (13-N.5)
      • Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words (13-P.1)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (13-P.2)
      • Use the correct foreign expression (13-P.3)
      • Replace words using a thesaurus (13-Q.4)
      • Use dictionary entries to determine correct usage (13-Q.5)
      • Domain-specific vocabulary in context: science and technical subjects (13-S.4)

    • selects and uses appropriate processing and comprehension strategies with confidence and discrimination;

    • thinks critically about texts with understanding and confidence;

    • monitors, self-evaluates, and describes progress, articulating learning with confidence.

• Purposes and audiences

  • Show a discriminating understanding of how texts are shaped for different purposes and audiences.

    • recognises, understands, and appreciates how texts are constructed for a range of intentions and situations;

      • Which text is most formal? (11-B.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (11-B.3)
      • Compare passages for tone (11-B.4)
      • Identify appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in advertisements (11-I.1)
      • Use appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in persuasive writing (11-I.2)
      • Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence (11-S.1)
      • Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative or exclamatory? (11-W.1)
      • Which text is most formal? (12-B.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (12-B.3)
      • Compare passages for tone (12-B.4)
      • Analyse the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone (12-C.8)
      • Identify appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in advertisements (12-I.1)
      • Use appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in persuasive writing (12-I.2)
      • Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence (12-Q.2)
      • Which text is most formal? (13-B.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (13-B.3)
      • Compare passages for tone (13-B.4)
      • Analyse the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone (13-C.8)
      • Identify appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in advertisements (13-I.1)
      • Use appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in persuasive writing (13-I.2)
      • Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence (13-Q.2)

    • identifies particular points of view within texts and understands that texts can position a reader;

      • Identify audience and purpose (11-B.3)
      • Identify the narrative point of view (11-C.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (12-B.3)
      • Identify the narrative point of view (12-C.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (13-B.3)
      • Identify the narrative point of view (13-C.1)

    • evaluates the reliability and usefulness of texts.

      • Distinguish facts from opinions (11-H.1)
      • Choose the best evidence to support a claim (11-H.3)
      • Identify supporting evidence in a text (11-H.4)
      • Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim (11-H.6)
      • Distinguish facts from opinions (12-H.1)
      • Choose the best evidence to support a claim (12-H.3)
      • Identify supporting evidence in a text (12-H.4)
      • Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim (12-H.6)
      • Distinguish facts from opinions (13-H.1)
      • Choose the best evidence to support a claim (13-H.3)
      • Identify supporting evidence in a text (13-H.4)
      • Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim (13-H.6)

• Ideas

  • Show a discriminating understanding of ideas within, across, and beyond texts.

    • makes meaning by understanding increasingly sophisticated ideas;

      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (11-C.2)
      • Interpret figures of speech (11-C.4)
      • Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words (11-R.1)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (11-R.2)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (11-U.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context (11-U.2)
      • Use context to identify the meaning of a word (11-U.3)
      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (12-C.2)
      • Interpret the figure of speech (12-C.4)
      • Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words (12-P.1)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (12-P.2)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (12-S.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context (12-S.2)
      • Domain-specific vocabulary in context: science and technical subjects (12-S.4)
      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (13-C.2)
      • Interpret the figure of speech (13-C.4)
      • Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words (13-P.1)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (13-P.2)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (13-S.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context (13-S.2)
      • Domain-specific vocabulary in context: science and technical subjects (13-S.4)

    • makes connections by analysing ideas within and between texts from a range of contexts;

    • understands that there may be multiple readings available within a text;

    • makes and supports inferences from texts independently.

      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (11-C.2)
      • Interpret figures of speech (11-C.4)
      • Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea (11-G.1)
      • Word pattern analogies (11-O.1)
      • Word pattern sentences (11-O.2)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (11-R.2)
      • Analogies (11-T.1)
      • Analogies: challenge (11-T.2)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (11-U.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context (11-U.2)
      • Use context to identify the meaning of a word (11-U.3)
      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (12-C.2)
      • Interpret the figure of speech (12-C.4)
      • Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea (12-G.1)
      • Word pattern analogies (12-M.3)
      • Word pattern sentences (12-M.4)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (12-P.2)
      • Analogies (12-R.1)
      • Analogies: challenge (12-R.2)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (12-S.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context (12-S.2)
      • Domain-specific vocabulary in context: science and technical subjects (12-S.4)
      • Interpret the meaning of an allusion from its source (13-C.2)
      • Interpret the figure of speech (13-C.4)
      • Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea (13-G.1)
      • Word pattern analogies (13-M.3)
      • Word pattern sentences (13-M.4)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (13-P.2)
      • Analogies (13-R.1)
      • Analogies: challenge (13-R.2)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (13-S.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context (13-S.2)
      • Domain-specific vocabulary in context: science and technical subjects (13-S.4)

• Language features

  • Show a discriminating understanding of how language features are used for effect within and across texts.

    • identifies a range of increasingly sophisticated oral, written, and visual language features and understands their effects;

      • Which text is most formal? (11-B.1)
      • Compare passages for tone (11-B.4)
      • Use the correct frequently confused word (11-M.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with frequently confused words (11-M.2)
      • Identify and correct errors with frequently confused pronouns and contractions (11-M.3)
      • Use the correct homophone (11-Q.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with homophones (11-Q.2)
      • Explore words with new or contested usages (11-S.4)
      • Which text is most formal? (12-B.1)
      • Compare passages for tone (12-B.4)
      • Analyse the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone (12-C.8)
      • Remove redundant words or phrases (12-J.5)
      • Use the correct frequently confused word (12-K.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with frequently confused words (12-K.2)
      • Identify and correct errors with frequently confused pronouns and contractions (12-K.3)
      • Use the correct homophone (12-O.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with homophones (12-O.2)
      • Explore words with new or contested usages (12-Q.6)
      • Which text is most formal? (13-B.1)
      • Compare passages for tone (13-B.4)
      • Analyse the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone (13-C.8)
      • Remove redundant words or phrases (13-J.5)
      • Use the correct frequently confused word (13-K.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with frequently confused words (13-K.2)
      • Identify and correct errors with frequently confused pronouns and contractions (13-K.3)
      • Use the correct homophone (13-O.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with homophones (13-O.2)
      • Explore words with new or contested usages (13-Q.6)

    • uses an increasing vocabulary to make meaning;

      • Words with pre- (11-O.3)
      • Words with re- (11-O.4)
      • Words with sub- (11-O.5)
      • Words with mis- (11-O.6)
      • Words with un-, dis-, in-, im- and non- (11-O.7)
      • Words with -ful (11-O.8)
      • Words with -less (11-O.9)
      • Words with -able and -ible (11-O.10)
      • Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots (11-P.1)
      • Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words (11-P.2)
      • Use words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (11-P.3)
      • Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (11-P.4)
      • Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots (11-P.5)
      • Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words (11-R.1)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (11-R.2)
      • Use the correct foreign expression (11-R.3)
      • Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence (11-S.1)
      • Use words accurately and precisely (11-S.2)
      • Replace words using a thesaurus (11-S.3)
      • Explore words with new or contested usages (11-S.4)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (11-U.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context (11-U.2)
      • Use context to identify the meaning of a word (11-U.3)
      • Use dictionary entries (11-V.1)
      • Use dictionary definitions (11-V.2)
      • Use dictionary entries to determine correct usage (11-V.3)
      • Use thesaurus entries (11-V.4)
      • Prefixes (12-M.1)
      • Suffixes (12-M.2)
      • Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots (12-N.1)
      • Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words (12-N.2)
      • Use words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (12-N.3)
      • Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (12-N.4)
      • Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots (12-N.5)
      • Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words (12-P.1)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (12-P.2)
      • Use the correct foreign expression (12-P.3)
      • Describe the difference between related words (12-Q.1)
      • Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence (12-Q.2)
      • Use words accurately and precisely (12-Q.3)
      • Replace words using a thesaurus (12-Q.4)
      • Use dictionary entries to determine correct usage (12-Q.5)
      • Explore words with new or contested usages (12-Q.6)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (12-S.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context (12-S.2)
      • Domain-specific vocabulary in context: science and technical subjects (12-S.4)
      • Prefixes (13-M.1)
      • Suffixes (13-M.2)
      • Sort words by shared Greek or Latin roots (13-N.1)
      • Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to the meanings of words (13-N.2)
      • Use words as clues to the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (13-N.3)
      • Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots (13-N.4)
      • Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots (13-N.5)
      • Use etymologies to determine the meanings of words (13-P.1)
      • Use context as a clue to the meanings of foreign expressions (13-P.2)
      • Use the correct foreign expression (13-P.3)
      • Describe the difference between related words (13-Q.1)
      • Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence (13-Q.2)
      • Use words accurately and precisely (13-Q.3)
      • Replace words using a thesaurus (13-Q.4)
      • Use dictionary entries to determine correct usage (13-Q.5)
      • Explore words with new or contested usages (13-Q.6)
      • Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context (13-S.1)
      • Determine the meaning of words using antonyms in context (13-S.2)
      • Domain-specific vocabulary in context: science and technical subjects (13-S.4)

    • understands and analyses how text conventions work together to create meaning and effect;

      • Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative or exclamatory? (11-W.1)
      • What does the punctuation suggest? (11-GG.1)
      • Commas with non-restrictive elements (11-GG.2)
      • Commas with direct addresses, introductory words, interjections, interrupters and antithetical phrases (11-HH.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns (11-KK.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with compound and joint possession (11-KK.2)
      • What does the punctuation suggest? (12-BB.1)
      • Commas with non-restrictive elements (12-BB.2)
      • Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns (12-FF.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with compound and joint possession (12-FF.2)
      • What does the punctuation suggest? (13-BB.1)
      • Commas with non-restrictive elements (13-BB.2)
      • Commas with direct addresses, introductory elements, absolute phrases, interjections, interrupters and antithetical phrases (13-CC.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with plural and possessive nouns (13-FF.1)
      • Identify and correct errors with compound and joint possession (13-FF.2)

    • understands that authors have different voices and styles and appreciates these differences.

      • Which text is most formal? (11-B.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (11-B.3)
      • Compare passages for tone (11-B.4)
      • Identify appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in advertisements (11-I.1)
      • Use appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in persuasive writing (11-I.2)
      • Identify active and passive voice (11-L.1)
      • Rewrite the sentence in active voice (11-L.2)
      • Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence (11-S.1)
      • Which text is most formal? (12-B.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (12-B.3)
      • Compare passages for tone (12-B.4)
      • Analyse the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone (12-C.8)
      • Identify appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in advertisements (12-I.1)
      • Use appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in persuasive writing (12-I.2)
      • Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence (12-Q.2)
      • Which text is most formal? (13-B.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (13-B.3)
      • Compare passages for tone (13-B.4)
      • Analyse the effects of figures of speech on meaning and tone (13-C.8)
      • Identify appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in advertisements (13-I.1)
      • Use appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in persuasive writing (13-I.2)
      • Choose the word whose connotation and denotation best match the sentence (13-Q.2)

• Structure

  • Show a discriminating understanding of a range of structures.

    • identifies and understands the characteristics and conventions of a range of text forms and appreciates how they contribute to and affect text meaning.

      • Which text is most formal? (11-B.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (11-B.3)
      • Compare passages for tone (11-B.4)
      • Identify the narrative point of view (11-C.1)
      • Order topics from broadest to narrowest (11-F.1)
      • Organise information by main idea (11-F.2)
      • Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea (11-G.1)
      • Distinguish facts from opinions (11-H.1)
      • Choose the best evidence to support a claim (11-H.3)
      • Identify supporting evidence in a text (11-H.4)
      • Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim (11-H.6)
      • Identify appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in advertisements (11-I.1)
      • Use appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in persuasive writing (11-I.2)
      • Identify active and passive voice (11-L.1)
      • Rewrite the sentence in active voice (11-L.2)
      • Which text is most formal? (12-B.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (12-B.3)
      • Compare passages for tone (12-B.4)
      • Identify the narrative point of view (12-C.1)
      • Order topics from broadest to narrowest (12-F.1)
      • Organise information by main idea (12-F.2)
      • Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea (12-G.1)
      • Distinguish facts from opinions (12-H.1)
      • Choose the best evidence to support a claim (12-H.3)
      • Identify supporting evidence in a text (12-H.4)
      • Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim (12-H.6)
      • Identify appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in advertisements (12-I.1)
      • Use appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in persuasive writing (12-I.2)
      • Which text is most formal? (13-B.1)
      • Identify audience and purpose (13-B.3)
      • Compare passages for tone (13-B.4)
      • Identify the narrative point of view (13-C.1)
      • Order topics from broadest to narrowest (13-F.1)
      • Organise information by main idea (13-F.2)
      • Choose the topic sentence that best captures the main idea (13-G.1)
      • Distinguish facts from opinions (13-H.1)
      • Choose the best evidence to support a claim (13-H.3)
      • Identify supporting evidence in a text (13-H.4)
      • Choose the analysis that logically connects the evidence to the claim (13-H.6)
      • Identify appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in advertisements (13-I.1)
      • Use appeals to ethos, pathos and logos in persuasive writing (13-I.2)